Nepal has experienced chronic political instability due to frequent government changes, weak executive continuity, and coalition fragility. A well-designed semi-presidential system can provide greater political stability while preserving democratic accountability. a) Direct election of the President The President shall be directly elected by the people through a two-round majority voting system. The President shall serve as an active constitutional head of state, not merely a ceremonial figure. Term: 5 years, renewable once. b) Clear division of executive powers to prevent dual power conflicts • The President shall provide strategic leadership on foreign affairs, defence, and national security, in consultation with the Prime Minister and the National Security Council. • The Prime Minister and Cabinet shall retain full responsibility for day-to-day governance, including domestic administration, economic policy, public services, and law and order. • The Prime Minister shall remain the Head of Government and must maintain the confidence of Parliament. • The President must appoint as Prime Minister the parliamentary leader who demonstrably commands majority support in the House. c) Fixed parliamentary term for stability The House of Representatives shall serve a fixed 5-year term. • Mid-term dissolution shall only be permitted under clearly defined constitutional conditions, such as failure to form a government within 45 days after an election or government collapse. • The President shall not have unilateral authority to dissolve Parliament. d) Constructive vote of no confidence • A vote of no confidence against the Prime Minister shall only be valid if Parliament simultaneously elects a successor Prime Minister. • This ensures continuity of government and prevents repeated political deadlock. e) Constitutional checks and balances • The President may return a bill to Parliament once for reconsideration (suspensive veto). • Parliament may override such veto by a two-thirds majority. • The President may be impeached by Parliament by a two-thirds majority for serious constitutional violations. Why this works for Nepal: This model creates a nationally elected executive with democratic legitimacy while preserving parliamentary accountability in daily governance. Risks of dual authority can be minimized through precise constitutional drafting, clear allocation of powers, and democratic accountability.